Glimepiride Or Getryl Tablet Uses and Side Effects:
- Brand name: Getryl
- Generic name: Glimepiride
- Drug Class: Sulfonamides and urea derivatives.
Introduction:
Glimepiride is a drug used to cure type 2 diabetes. It is less preferred than metformin. It has been recommended along with diet and exercise. It is taken orally. Glimepiride takes three hours to work best and lasts for most of the day.
Glimepiride is an oral hypoglycemic agent. It belongs to the category of sulfonylurea. Glimepiride is chemically present as 1-p-2- (3-ethyl-4-methyl-2-oxo-3 pyrroline-1-carboxamido) ethyl-phenylsulfonyl-3- (trans-4-methylcyclohexyl) urea. It was approved by the Food and Drug Administration in 1995 as a combination of diet and exercise to lower blood sugar in patients with type 2 diabetes with hyperglycemia which can be controlled by diet and exercise alone.
- Type: Small molecule
- Groups: Approved
- Weight: Average:490
- Monoisotopic:490.224991385
- Chemical formula: C24H34N4O5S
Mechanism of action:
Critical potassium channels of ATP in pancreatic beta cells secreted by intracellular ATP and ADP. The hetero-octomeric structure of the channel is made up of pore-forming Kir6.2subunits and four subunits that control the sulfonylurea receptor (SUR). The distinct cut allows for the formation of channels composed of different isoforms with different concentrations in different tissues. In pancreatic beta cells ATP-sensitive potassium channels play a role as important metabolic sensors and regulators with glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) .When a decrease in ATP: ADP level, channels are active and open, resulting in K + efflux from the cell and suppression of insulin secretion. Depreciation leads to the activation and opening of Ca2 +-dependent channels and consequently the entry of calcium ions into the cell.
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Absorption:
Glimepiride is completely absorbed after oral administration within one hour of direct pharmacokinetics profile. after 2 to 3 hours of post-dose.
Distribution volume:
Following the inclusion of capacity within healthy education, the distribution volume was 8.8 L (113 mL / kg).
Protein binding:
Plasma protein connects to glimepiride is greater than 99.5%.
Metabolism:
Glimepiride is reported to have developed hepatic metabolism. Following intravenous or oral dosing, glimepiride passes an oxidative biotransformation attached to the CYP2C9 enzyme to form a major metabolite, the cyclohexyl hydroxymethyl derivative (M1), which acts on the drug. M1 can be further enhanced by the synthesis of carboxyl metabolite dysfunction (M2) by one or more cytosolic enzymes.M1 retains about one-third of its parent pharmacologic activity in animal models and half-life of 3-6 hours.
Uses:
- Glimepiride is used with a particular diet and exercise plan which controls blood sugar with type 2 diabetes in people.
- Controlling high blood sugar.
- helps prevent kidney damage.
- blindness, emotional problems, paralysis, and sexual dysfunction.
- Proper control of diabetes can also reduce your risk of heart attack or stroke.
- Glimepiride belongs to a kind of drug called sulfonylureas.
- Lower your blood sugar by causing your body to release natural insulin.
Side effects of Glimepiride:
The most common side effect that people can experience when taking glimepiride, is hypoglycemia. Some people only see symptoms of hypoglycemia when their blood sugar levels drop to 55 mg / dL.
A person with hypoglycemia may experience the following symptoms:
- trembling
- fear and anxiety
- sweating
- Cold
- resentment
- confusion
- head
- rapid heartbeat
- whiteness
- dizziness
- famine
- nausea
- drowsiness
- paleness or loss of color on the skin
- weakness
- blurred vision
- tingling of the lips, tongue and cheeks
- nightmares
- epilepsy
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Serious side effects include:
- head
- accidental injury, possibly due to low hypoglycemia
- flu-like symptoms
- nausea
- dizziness
- weight gain
Special warning & precautions:
Apart from the risk of hypoglycemia, there are many other precautions to consider when taking glimepiride.
Before taking glimepiride, tell your doctor or pharmacist if you are allergic; or if you have other physical ailments. This product may contain inactive ingredients, which may cause allergic reactions or other problems. Contact to pharmacist or Physician for more information.
Before using this medication, tell your doctor or pharmacist your medical history, in particular: liver disease, kidney disease, thyroid disease, certain hormonal conditions (adrenal/pituitary dysfunction, antidiuretic hormone secretion syndrome-SIADH ), electrolyte imbalance (hyponatremia You may experience blurred vision, dizziness, or drowsiness due to low or high blood sugar. Do not drive, operate equipment, or perform any other task that requires alertness or clear vision until you are sure you can safely perform such activities.
Do not take glimepiride if you:
- allergies to glimepiride or any of its ingredients.
- have a history of overactive response to sulfonamide compounds. Patients who have developed allergies to sulfonamide derivatives may develop allergies.